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Republic of India (By Sumith
Kumar Puri - The King)
The Constitution of the Republic of India,
has the following Preamble.
"WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having
solemnly resolved to constitute India into a
SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all
its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY, of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the
unity and integrity of the Nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November,
1949, DO HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS
CONSTITUTION." |
Since the Independence of India, i.e., 15th of August 1947, we have
made significant strides in all areas that govern the growth of
a country. I have enlisted below some of the Notable Achievements
and Details. We are a growing economy that is moving fast towards
being a developed nation, first in Asia and then in the World. Though
we still have multiple nagging issues like Border Disuptes, Terrorism, Insurgency,
Poverty, Crime and even Separatist Movements - We are fighting hard
to conquer this and grow ahead as a Nation.
Checkout 75 Defining Achievements of India across Science,
Technology, Economics, Military and Politics - Credits to
[Jagran Josh] :
https://rebrand.ly/india-at-75-in-2022
Politics
India being a democratic republic has a public election system,
with the full government term being five years. The most important
political parties of India are Indian National Congress, Bharatiya
Janata Party and Communist Party of India. The economic development
plan of the nation is usually made public via five-year plans.
Indian National Congress is the prominent party in terms of the
number of times they have proved majority. The population of India
is the second in the world, next only to China. We are the seventh
largest country by area. The current ruling party is National Democratic
Alliance (NDA).
Military
Indian Military is one of the finest and ranked at about fourth
in the world. The combination of Indian Army, Indian Navy,
Indian Air Force, Indian Cost Guard and Indian Paramilitary is among
the finest in terms of human resources and training. India has been
in possession of nuclear weapons since 1974 and maintains a no-first
use and a nuclear deterrence policy against nuclear adversaries.
India's nuclear missiles include the Prithvi, the Agni, the Shaurya,
Sagarika, Dhanush, and others. India has long range strategic bombers
like the Tupolev Tu-22 M3 and Tupolev Tu-142 as well as fighter
jets like Sukhoi Su-30MKI, Dassault Mirage 2000, MiG-29 and HAL
Tejas capable of being armed with nuclear tipped bombs and missiles.
Since India doesn't have a nuclear first use against an adversary,
it becomes important to protect from a first strike. Presently,
this protection is provided by the two layered Anti-Ballistic missile
defense system. India conducted its first test with the Agni-V,
a MIRVed ICBM, in April 2012.
Economy
India cotinues to be One of the Fastest Growing and Developing
Economies of Asia and the World. The Gross Domestic Product of India
in 2018 was Ranked #7 by the International Monetary Fund. National
Democratic Alliance led by Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), was in
helm of economic affairs from 2014. India's gross domestic product
(GDP) at constant prices grew by 7.2 per cent in September-December
2017 quarter as per the Central Statistics Organisation (CSO). India
has retained its position as the Third Largest Startup Base in the
world with over 4,750 technology startups, with about 1,400 new
start-ups being founded in 2016, according to a report by NASSCOM.
India's Labour Force is expected to touch 160-170 million by 2020,
based on Rate of Population Growth, Increased Labour Force Participation,
and Higher Education Enrolment, among other factors, according to
a study by ASSOCHAM*. India's Foreign Exchange Reserves were US$
422.53 Billion in the week up to March 23, 2018, according to data
from the RBI. The Indian Economy was premised on the Concept of
Planning. The Five-Year Growth Plans, from 1951 to 2017, were completely
replaced by the Three-Year NITI Aayog Action Plans from 2017.
Literature
In the 20th century, several Indian writers have distinguished
themselves not only in traditional Indian languages but also in
English. India's only Nobel laureate in literature was the Bengali
writer Rabindranath Tagore, who wrote some of his work originally
in English, and did some of his own English translations from Bengali.
India's best selling English-language novelist of all-time is the
contemporary writer Chetan Bhagat. More recent major writers in
English who are either Indian or of Indian origin and derive much
inspiration from Indian themes are R. K. Narayan, Vikram Seth, Salman
Rushdie, Arundhati Roy, Raja Rao, Amitav Ghosh, Rohinton Mistry,
Vikram Chandra, Khushwant Singh, Shashi Tharoor, Nayantara Sehgal,
Anita Desai, Jhumpa Lahiri, Gita Mehta, Ruskin Bond and Bharati
Mukherjee.In recent years, English-Language writers of Indian Origin
are being published in the West at an increasing rate.Salman Rushdie,
Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai and Arvind Adiga have won the prestigious
Man Booker Prize, with Salman Rushdie going on to win the Booker
of Bookers.
Arts
From the 1990s onwards, Indian artists began to increase the forms
they used in their work. Painting and Sculpture remained important,
though in the work of leading artists such as Subodh Gupta, Narayanan
Ramachandran, Vivan Sundaram, Jitish Kallat, they often found radical
new directions. Contemporary Indian art takes influence from all
over the world. With many Indian artists immigrating to the west,
art for some artists has been a form of expression merging their
past with their current in Western Culture. Also, the increase in
the discourse about Indian art, in English as well as vernacular
Indian languages, appropriated the way art was perceived in the
art schools. The last decade or so has also witnessed an increase
in Art magazines like Art India (Bombay), Art & Deal (New Delhi),
Indian Contemporary Art Journal (Bombay) complementing the catalogues
produced by the respective galleries. India is the largest producer
of films and is multi-lingual. Indian market generates the Third
Largest Revenues in the World for Movies of all Languages.
Science
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), under the Department
of Space (DOS), is responsible for research, development and operationalisation
of space systems in the areas of satellite communications, remote
sensing for resource survey, environmental monitoring, meteorological
services, etcIndian agriculture benefited from the developments
made in the fields of Biotechnology, for which a separate department
was created in 1986 under the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Both the Indian private sector and the government have invested
in the medical and agricultural applications of biotechnology. Massive
Biotech parks were established in India while the government provided
tax deduction for research and development under biotechnological
firms. India's (Indian Origin) prominent scientists have won Nobel
Prizes in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine.
Sports
Cricket is the most important sport in the country, the soul
of a nation in a way. Hockey is the official national sport, though.
India has won the cricket world cup twice since its inception,
in 1983 and then again in 2011. We have won the Hockey World Cup
and are quite a dominating force in Asia. We have won Olympics medals,
since Independence in Hockey, Wrestling, Tennis, Badminton, Boxing,
Shooting and Weightlifting. India has also former world champions
in Chess, Golf and Boxing. India has good track and field, athletics
record in Asia and Commonwealth Games. It also has embraced newer
sport like F1 Racing, becoming part of the circuit. There is also
immense participation in events like Volleyball, Basketball and
Table-Tennis. The Government allocates necessary funds for development
of most sport and at all ages. This also involves improving quality
of players and sport at the grassroot levels. There is a national
association of almost all sports, with leagues and participation
from the states.
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